ArticleFrontiers in immunology2026
Carnosic acid alleviates 5-Fluorouracil chemoresistance and enhances CD8
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Key features of gastric cancer (GC) include its aggressive nature, high metastatic capability, and a tendency for relapse. While 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) remains a cornerstone of GC treatment, its efficacy is substantially undermined by the emergence of acquired drug resistance. Carnosic acid (CA) has antitumor and immunomodulatory potential, but its role in 5-FU-resistant GC remains unclear. This study investigated whether CA enhances 5-FU sensitivity and CD8 Methods: The effects of CA combined with 5-FU on cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion, and EMT-related features were evaluated using 5-FU-sensitive and 5-FU-resistant GC cell models and MFC/MFC-R mouse GC models. CXCR7 overexpression, co-immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence, and Western blotting were performed to examine CXCL12/CXCR7-axis regulation. GC cell/CD8 Results: 5-FU-resistant GC cells showed reduced drug sensitivity and enhanced malignant phenotypes. CA plus 5-FU suppressed proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT, while promoting apoptosis. Mechanistically, CA restored 5-FU sensitivity by inhibiting aberrant CXCL12/CXCR7-axis activation, whereas CXCR7 overexpression partially reversed these effects. The combined treatment also enhanced CD8 Conclusion: CA enhances 5-FU sensitivity, suppresses EMT and metastasis-associated phenotypes, and improves CD8
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