Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42772934›Full record

ReviewImmunoHorizons2026

Mostly getting along -Borrelia burgdorferi and its manipulation of the host immune system.

Shilpa Sachan, Nicole Baumgarth

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in ImmunoHorizons, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Shilpa SachanW. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Lyme and Tickborne Disease Research and Education Institute, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Nicole BaumgarthW. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Lyme and Tickborne Disease Research and Education Institute, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-2891-4483

Funding

Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health Affairs
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Lyme disease is caused when mammalian hosts not part of the sylvatic life cycle, including humans, are infected with Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb) following the bite of an Ixodes tick. Ticks and natural mammalian host reservoirs, including rodents, however, are largely disease tolerant, despite Bb establishing persistent infection. We explore the complex and ongoing interplay between Bb and the immune system. We discuss how Bb infection-induced innate responses seem maladapted to this extracellular bacterial infection, perhaps explaining why CD4+ T cells are ineffective contributors to Bb infection control. While B cell responses critically control Bb tissue burden and disease development they cannot clear the infection, showing a bias towards ongoing plasmablast responses and a lack of functional germinal centers. Identifying the mechanisms that hinder effective immune clearance of Bb may lead to new approaches for the treatment of Lyme Disease.

Indexed as

Borrelia burgdorferiImmune SystemLyme DiseaseAnimalsB-LymphocytesCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesHost-Pathogen InteractionsHumansImmunity, InnateIxodesbacterial infectionimmune regulationimmune suppressionLyme diseaseTickborne diseases

Identifiers

PMID42772934
PMCPMC13597116

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.