ArticleClinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society2026
Interleukin-8 and other neutrophil-related biomarkers are associated with 1-year mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
Article in Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01000701 (Inflammation and Acute Coronary Syndromes), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Inflammation and Acute Coronary Syndromes (ACS) - Novel Strategies for Prevention and Clinical Management
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19 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundInterleukin-8 (IL-8) triggers early inflammatory responses upon tissue injury, activating neutrophils that release neutrophil extracellular traps with cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO). Injury upon acute myocardial infarction (AMI) induces an early excessive inflammatory response. The value of IL-8 and neutrophil-related biomarkers for AMI patient outcomes is incompletely understood.
methodsAMI patients sampled ≤ 24 h after symptom onset were included from SPUM-ACS cohort. One hundred twelve cases with all-cause mortality or recurrent AMI within 1 year were matched 1:1 to event-free controls by age, sex, AMI subtype, symptom onset time, and recruiting sites.
resultsCases showed higher IL-8 (median: 66.82 vs. 41.24 pg/mL; p = 0.001), cfDNA (393.9 vs. 223.8 ng/mL; p < 0.001), MPO (683.4 vs. 602.2 ng/mL; p = 0.030), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) than controls (6.22 vs. 4.76; p = 0.013). IL-8 and cfDNA were higher in the death subgroup than recurrent AMI (IL-8: 71.16 vs. 51.52 pg/mL; p = 0.026; cfDNA: 420.5 vs. 239.7 ng/mL; p = 0.030). Notably, IL-8 peaked in the hyper-acute phase (< 6 h), earlier than high-sensitivity troponin T (hsTnT). This aligned with its associations with death or recurrent AMI (OR = 1.62; p = 0.021), death (OR = 2.14; p = 0.019), and early presenters (< 6 h, OR = 2.65; p = 0.008) after adjusting for confounders (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR], high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [hsCRP], N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide [NT-proBNP], and hsTnT). IL-8, along with cfDNA, NLR, and hsCRP clustered in patients with increased Killip Class and worse outcomes.
conclusionsIL-8 and neutrophil-related biomarkers were associated with 1-year mortality in AMI patients, especially in the hyper-acute phase. CLINICAL
trial registrationNCT01000701.
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