ArticleJournal of medical biochemistry2026
Increased total plasma TGF-β1 levels and deregulated IgA-IgM axis in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Article in Journal of medical biochemistry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterised by obstruction of the small airways and includes "flare-ups", which are sudden and significant worsening of symptoms, sometimes caused by infections. Methods: Patients with COPD (n = 38) and acute bronchitis (AB, n=35) were grouped based on age and examined at two time points: during flare-ups/infections and at day 30. We measured various biomarkers, including total plasma TGF-<span style="color: rgb(32, 33, 34); font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250);">β</span>1 levels, total IgA, total IgM, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa-specific IgA levels. Results: Increased TGF-<span style="color: rgb(32, 33, 34); font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 16px; background-color: rgb(248, 249, 250);">β</span>1 levels were detected in COPD patients in comparison to acute bronchitis patients, with no significant change observed at day 30. Paired analysis revealed a significant decrease in total plasma IgA levels in COPD patients on day 30. No significant difference in specific P aeruginosa IgA levels was observed between the two patient groups. Interestingly, a correlation between total IgM and IgA levels was absent in COPD patients, unlike in those with acute bronchitis. While a positive correlation existed between age and IgA level in patients with acute bronchitis, this correlation was negative in patients with COPD. A significant correlation was observed between total IgM and P aeruginosa-specific IgA in acute bronchitis patients. On the other hand, COPD patients showed no correlation between total IgA or IgM and P aeruginosa-specific IgA levels at different time points. Conclusions: We report on the deregulated IgA-IgM axis in COPD and call for thorough, larger-scale studies of the humoral immune system in this pathology.
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