ArticleJournal of ophthalmic & vision research2026
The Fundus Red Reflex Test Using a Smartphone Showed High Accuracy Compared to an Autorefractor to Detect Refractive Errors in Children.
Article in Journal of ophthalmic & vision research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Purpose: To determine the accuracy of the fundus red reflex test using a smartphone and autorefractor to detect refractive errors in children. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 1302 eyes of 651 school-age children aged 6-13 years with visual acuity worse than 6/9 in at least one eye, examined using the Snellen chart. Study participants were selected using purposive sampling, after which non-cycloplegic refractive measurement was performed using two instruments: a smartphone-based application (MD EyeCare) and an autorefractor. The detection of refractive errors using the online platform was compared with autorefraction as the reference standard. Results: Our study found that 46.10% of participants with abnormal red reflex had significant myopia, 41.20% had nonsignificant refractive errors, and 12.70% had significant hypermetropia. The mean difference between the smartphone-based application and the autorefractor was Conclusion: A smartphone-based application could be used as a screening tool for refractive errors in children, especially in resource-limited settings.
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