ArticleAmerican journal of translational research2026
Predicting venous thromboembolism risk after TACE in hepatocellular carcinoma: a logistic model and nursing protocol development.
Article in American journal of translational research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveTo identify risk factors for venous thromboembolism (VTE) after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and to establish a personalized risk prediction nomogram.
methodsA single-center retrospective analysis was performed on 322 consecutive HCC patients who received TACE at Baoji Central Hospital from December 2020 to December 2024. Patients were categorized into a VTE group (n=54) and a non-VTE group (n=268) based on the occurrence of VTE within 7 days post-procedure. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were gathered. Pearson correlation and variance inflation factor analyses were applied to evaluate multicollinearity, while logistic regression was used to identify independent risk factors. A nomogram and dynamic prediction model were developed from regression coefficients to quantify individualized risk and guide a structured five-phase nursing intervention plan.
resultsMultivariate analysis revealed that elevated D-dimer (DD) levels (OR=1.006), age ≥60 years (OR=0.361), Child-Pugh class C (OR=0.371), ECOG performance score 1-2 (OR=0.361), and multiple TACE sessions (OR=2.847) were independent predictors of post-TACE VTE (all P<0.05). The nomogram showed good calibration and strong discrimination (AUC=0.828). The decision-curve analysis also showed that it had a good net clinical benefit. The developed nursing protocol incorporates risk assessment, dynamic DD monitoring, early mobilization, hepatic function support, and patient education to facilitate risk management.
conclusionD-dimer level, age, Child-Pugh classification, ECOG status, and the frequency of TACE are all important factors affecting post-TACE VTE. The suggested prediction model is accurate and useful in clinical practice, offering valuable insights into early VTE risk stratification and perioperative safety assessment.
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