ArticleFrontiers in neurology2026
Improved outcomes for patients with autonomic movement disorders originally evaluated for psychogenic non-epileptiform spells.
Article in Frontiers in neurology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Patients experiencing autonomic storms related to dysautonomia may present with abnormal movements, including convulsions, tremors, and myoclonus. Due to these nonspecific symptoms, they are often misdiagnosed with functional neurological disorders, including psychogenic non-epileptic spells (PNES), resulting in delayed or inappropriate treatment. Methods: This cohort study included 17 adult patients who presented to St. Elizabeth's Medical Center's emergency department with abnormal seizure-like activity. Inclusion criteria required non-epileptiform movements, confirmed by negative rEEG or cEEG testing, followed by a misdiagnosis of a functional neurological disorder, and referral to Neurology. Demographic and clinical information was collected from the electronic health record to describe the clinical pattern and treatment responses in patients with AMD initially diagnosed with PNES. Results: Among the 17 patients (male [ Conclusion: Patients presenting with abnormal seizure-like movements confirmed as non-epileptic after further evaluation should be assessed for autonomic dysfunction. Treatment targeting orthostatic hypotension may help alleviate these abnormal movements.
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