ArticleNature communications2026
Constitutive natural killer cell features associated with post-treatment control of SIV infection in the pVISCONTI study.
Article in Nature communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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14 authors.
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Abstract
Post-treatment HIV controllers (PTC) offer a unique opportunity to uncover the determinants of durable remission after antiretroviral therapy (ART) interruption. Here, using six PTC and six post-treatment non-controllers from the pVISCONTI study in cynomolgus macaques, we identify associations between Natural Killer (NK) cell subsets and outcomes following ART interruption. NKG2Ahigh NK cells lacking NKp30/NKp46 (NKG2AhighNKp30-NKp46-), shaped by the MHC backgrounds of the animals, were linked to improved post-treatment control; this NK subset displayed tissue-homing potential and preserved functionality despite infection, characterized by cytokine production and degranulation. Conversely, NKG2AlowNKp30 + NKp46+ NK cells exhibited reduced cytotoxic potential and elevated IL-10/IL-17A production, and their pre-infection levels were associated with higher viremia and larger viral reservoirs after ART interruption. Our study suggests that constitutive NK cell features, preserved by early ART initiation, may provide a favorable immune environment for post-treatment control. Our findings identify the NKG2A axis as a potential target to improve outcomes after ART interruption.
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