Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42766920›Full record

ArticleNeuroImage. Clinical2026

Are the factors associated with cognitive performance generalizable across cohorts?

Peiwei Liu, Theresa M Harrison, Heather M Snyder, Charles DeCarli, Pauline Maillard, Prashanthi Vemuri, Danielle Harvey, Robert Koeppe, William Jagust, Laura D Baker and 2 more

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Article in NeuroImage. Clinical, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Peiwei LiuDepartment of Neuroscience, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA. Electronic address: peiweiliu@berkeley.edu.
Theresa M HarrisonDepartment of Neuroscience, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Heather M SnyderMedical and Scientific Relations, Alzheimer's Association, Chicago, IL, USA.
Charles DeCarliDepartment of Neurology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
Pauline MaillardDepartment of Neurology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
Prashanthi VemuriDepartment of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Danielle HarveyPublic Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
Robert KoeppeDepartment of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
William JagustDepartment of Neuroscience, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Laura D BakerGerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
Susan M LandauDepartment of Neuroscience, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA. Electronic address: slandau@berkeley.edu.
Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI)¹ and the U.S. POINTER Study Group.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo examine whether vascular risk and brain atrophy account for cohort differences in the associations between tau burden and cognition across cognitive domains in U.S. POINTER and ADNI.

methodsWe analyzed baseline data from 775 U.S. POINTER and 405 ADNI participants without significant cognitive impairment and matched on age, sex, clinical status, and APOE ε4 status. Cognitive outcomes included global cognition, verbal memory, and executive function. Regional tau (entorhinal and meta-temporal), vascular risk biomarkers, and structural MRI measures (entorhinal cortical thickness and hippocampal volume) were examined using linear regression models stratified by amyloid status and adjusted for age, sex, education, and average number of prior cognitive test exposures. Interaction terms (biomarker × cohort) were used to assess cohort differences. False discovery rate (FDR) correction was applied.

resultsGreater tau burden was associated with poorer cognitive performance across global cognition, verbal memory, and executive function in ADNI compared to U.S. POINTER, particularly among Aβ + individuals (corrected p < .05). Unexpectedly, vascular risk biomarkers contributed minimally to cognitive variability in either cohort. Finally, brain atrophy, particularly hippocampal volume, made a tau-independent contribution to verbal memory in ADNI but not in U.S. POINTER, especially among Aβ + individuals (corrected p < .05).

conclusionsTau pathology in the presence of Aβ was a stronger predictor of cognition in ADNI than in U.S. POINTER, and this discrepancy was not explained by increased vascular risk or brain atrophy in U.S. POINTER. The drivers of cognition differed between cohorts in a way that is not easily attributable to clinical characteristics.

Indexed as

Alzheimer's diseaseAβ PETBrain atrophyCognitionTau PETVascular risk

Identifiers

PMID42766920

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.