ArticleFrontiers in genetics2026
Ultrasound radiomics integrated with an immune-related gene signature for predicting response and resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors in cutaneous melanoma: a retrospective radiogenomic study with biological validation.
Article in Frontiers in genetics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed cutaneous melanoma therapy, yet 50% of patients show primary or acquired resistance, and current biomarkers (PD-L1 and tumor mutational burden) lack precision. High-frequency ultrasound (HFUS), contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), and shear-wave elastography (SWE) are inexpensive and repeatable, but their relationship to the immune transcriptome and ICI outcomes is unknown. Methods: In this single-center retrospective study, 218 patients with cutaneous melanoma who received first-line anti-PD-1-based ICIs and pretreatment ultrasound were divided into training (n = 153) and internal validation (n = 65) sets. HFUS/CEUS/SWE radiomic features were filtered for reproducibility and selected by LASSO to construct an ultrasound radiomic score (US-score). Across three public transcriptomic cohorts (TCGA-SKCM, GSE91061, and GSE78220) and a melanoma single-cell dataset (GSE115978), we combined differential expression, WGCNA, immune deconvolution, and LASSO-Cox to derive an IRGS. Four core genes (CXCL10, CD8A, IFNG, and CXCL9) were validated Results: The objective response rate was 42.7% (median follow-up 28.4 months). The US-score independently predicted response (adjusted OR: 2.6; 95% CI: 1.7-3.9; validation AUC: 0.78). The IRGS stratified public cohorts into immune-hot/cold groups with distinct outcomes (TCGA-SKCM overall-survival HR: 2.14; 95% CI: 1.56-2.93; response AUC: 0.79). The US-score correlated with the IRGS (r = 0.58) and with CD8 Conclusion: Ultrasound radiomics encodes information about the melanoma tumor-immune microenvironment; combined with an immune-related gene signature, it provides a non-invasive, biologically anchored tool for stratifying ICI response and resistance.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.