ArticleActa pharmaceutica Sinica. B2026
Tumor-responsive nanoparticles precisely overcome hypoxia-mediated STING dysfunction to unleash potent antitumor immunity.
Article in Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
The Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) pathway plays a central role in anti-tumor immunity by mobilizing both the innate and adaptive immunity. However, hypoxia, a tumor hallmark was shown to severely constrain immune responses and lead to suboptimal therapeutic efficacy. Through bioinformatic analyses, we revealed that hypoxia directly repress STING-pathway-related genes. Furthermore, we developed tumor-targeted pH-responsive nanoparticles (SPF) to overcome hypoxia-induced STING dysfunction for amplifying immune responses. The nanoparticles (NPs) effectively accumulate and reoxygenate the hypoxic tumor, achieving a potent STING activation with enhanced secretion of type-I IFNs and other inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, SPF are capable of decreasing Tregs and polarizing M2 to M1 macrophages, thus creating an immune-promoting microenvironment to unleash cascade immune response. In colon cancer models, SPF NPs strongly inhibited tumor growth with 33% tumor-free over 50 days and long-term immune memory. Importantly, robust STING activation was achieved in human tumor samples with a substantial 782.3-fold of IFN-
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