ArticleVeterinary world2026
Comparative proteomic characterization of seminal plasma and sperm proteins associated with reproductive function in the Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops aduncus).
Article in Veterinary world, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background and Aim: Proteomic characterization of semen provides molecular insights into reproductive function beyond conventional semen evaluation. Although the seminal plasma and sperm proteomes of the common bottlenose dolphin ( Materials and Methods: Semen samples were collected from two healthy adult captive male Results: A total of 199 proteins were identified, including 84 proteins in seminal plasma and 119 in sperm, with only four proteins shared between the two fractions. Seminal plasma proteins were predominantly enriched in carbohydrate and lipid catabolism, proteolysis, and regulation of endopeptidase activity, indicating roles in maintaining the extracellular environment, protecting sperm, and supporting post-ejaculatory survival. In contrast, sperm proteins were significantly enriched in oxidative phosphorylation, aerobic respiration, mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate synthesis, respiratory electron transport, spermatogenesis, sperm flagellum organization, and motility. Protein interaction analysis demonstrated a highly interconnected mitochondrial network in sperm, whereas seminal plasma proteins formed a more dispersed regulatory network. These findings indicate distinct functional specialization of the two semen fractions and suggest that oxidative phosphorylation represents the principal energy-producing pathway supporting sperm function in this marine mammal. Conclusion: This study provides the first comprehensive proteomic characterization of seminal plasma and sperm in the Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin. The identified proteins and enriched biological pathways advance understanding of cetacean reproductive physiology, reveal molecular adaptations associated with mitochondrial energy metabolism, and establish a valuable resource for developing fertility biomarkers and assisted reproductive technologies to support the conservation and reproductive management of this Near Threatened species.
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