ArticleCureus2026
Fogarty Balloon-Assisted Flow Augmentation Combined With Prostaglandin E1 Versus Prostaglandin E1 Alone for No-Option Below-Knee Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia in a Resource-Limited Setting: A Prospective Quasi-experimental Study.
Article in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Abstract
Background No-option chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) represents a challenging clinical condition in which conventional endovascular or surgical revascularization may not be feasible. In resource-limited settings, treatment options for patients with unreconstructable below-knee disease are particularly restricted. This study evaluated the clinical outcomes of a Fogarty balloon-assisted flow-augmentation technique combined with intravenous prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) compared with PGE1 alone in patients with no-option below-knee CLTI. Methods This prospective, single-center, quasi-experimental study was conducted at Dhaka Medical College and Hospital, Bangladesh, between January and December 2025 and included 100 patients with no-option below-knee CLTI. Patients received Fogarty balloon-assisted flow augmentation plus intravenous PGE1 (n = 50) or PGE1 alone (n = 50) through non-randomized allocation influenced by operating-room and surgeon availability and patient preference. The primary outcomes were six-month limb salvage and major amputation. Secondary outcomes included improvement in Rutherford clinical category, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain scores, complete ulcer healing, and all-cause mortality. Patients were followed for six months. The Fogarty technique was performed through an open femoral approach using a low-profile catheter with minimal balloon inflation and was not intended to replicate conventional high-pressure endovascular balloon angioplasty. Results Technical completion of the Fogarty procedure was achieved in 46 of 50 patients (92.0%). At six months, limb salvage was achieved in 82.0% of patients in the intervention group compared with 60.0% in the PGE1-alone group (
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