Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42763668›Full record

ArticleMediastinum (Hong Kong, China)2026

A rare giant large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma: an ITMIG Tumor Board case report from a Turkish multidisciplinary team.

Ayten Kayi Cangir, Serpil Dizbay Sak, Gökalp Güneş, Ayşegül Gürsoy Çoruh, Şebnem Dursun, Serap Akyürek, Elif Berna Köksoy, Dirk Van Raemdonck, Chad Strange, Andrea Arrossi and 4 more

Abstract readCase Reports
In one paragraph

Article in Mediastinum (Hong Kong, China), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Ayten Kayi CangirDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2052-1642
Serpil Dizbay SakDepartment of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3666-3095
Gökalp GüneşDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0613-2138
Ayşegül Gürsoy ÇoruhDepartment of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8638-8688
Şebnem DursunDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3635-5781
Serap AkyürekDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8840-0233
Elif Berna KöksoyDepartment of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6590-4444
Dirk Van RaemdonckITMIG Tumor Board, Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1261-0992
Chad StrangeITMIG Tumor Board, Department of Radiology, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8675-3956
Andrea ArrossiITMIG Tumor Board, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Anja C RodenITMIG Tumor Board, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8948-4758
Arun RajanITMIG Tumor Board, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2776-3385
Ritsuko KomakiITMIG Tumor Board, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8238-7055
Annemarie ShepherdITMIG Tumor Board, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4469-0889

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas (LCNECs) of the thymus are rare, high-grade neuroendocrine neoplasms characterized by a high mitotic index and classified separately from thymomas, with markedly more aggressive behavior in terms of treatment response and prognosis. This study describes the treatment management of a patient who underwent surgery and received multimodal therapy for LCNEC. Case Description: A contrast-enhanced thoracic computed tomography (CT) scan of a 52-year-old male patient revealed an anterior mediastinal mass measuring approximately 14 cm × 16 cm, with areas of calcification and cystic components. Following transthoracic fine-needle aspiration biopsy, which was consistent with LCNEC, the patient received three cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and subsequently underwent thymectomy via median sternotomy. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of LCNEC, after which adjuvant therapy was administered. The patient has remained disease-free during follow-up for 40 months. Conclusions: LCNEC is an exceptionally rare subtype, accounting for only a very small proportion of all thymic epithelial tumors. Given the aggressive course of LCNEC and its potential for both local invasion and distant metastasis, a multimodal treatment approach is required. This treatment sequence represents a rational strategy consistent with previous studies advocating combined-modality management for advanced or recurrent thymic malignancies.

Indexed as

case reportLarge cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC)multimodal treatment

Identifiers

PMID42763668
PMCPMC13589319

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.