ReviewFrontiers in immunology2026
Therapy-induced immunoediting and the evolution of cancer immune escape.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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2 authors.
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Abstract
Anticancer therapy can eliminate immune-visible tumour cells while simultaneously imposing selective pressures that favour residual immune-evasive populations. This mini-review conceptualizes therapy-induced immunoediting as a dynamic continuum comprising pre-existing escape, therapeutic immune activation, a selective bottleneck, residual equilibrium and secondary escape. We discuss how genetic alterations, therapy-resistant stem-like tumour-cell states and spatial remodelling of vascular, stromal and myeloid niches cooperate to reduce tumour visibility, effector susceptibility and immune-cell access. Representative approved and investigational therapies illustrate both successful pharmacological interception and the limitations of non-selective immune intensification. We further highlight residual equilibrium as a clinically actionable window that may be identified through longitudinal tissue sampling, circulating tumour DNA and spatial or single-cell profiling. Clinically, longitudinal biomarkers may identify residual equilibrium and guide mechanism-matched treatment adaptation before immune-evasive populations expand into radiographically evident relapse.
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