SynthesisFrontiers in public health2026
Navigating the policy landscape: a systematic mapping review of national access and benefit-sharing frameworks for pathogens.
Synthesis in Frontiers in public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background/objectives: Pathogen access and benefit-sharing (PABS) sits between two practical needs. Public health depends on rapid access to pathogen materials and sequence information, while countries also seek a fair share of the benefits arising from their use. Comparative evidence on the domestic rules governing this exchange remains limited. This study maps national PABS frameworks and examines what their variation may mean for the emerging WHO PABS System. Methods: This study conducted a systematic mapping and comparative analysis across all 193 United Nations Member States. International legal databases, official national sources, and targeted searches were used to identify relevant binding frameworks. Legally enforceable policies were identified, and data were extracted across the following four aspects of PABS legislation: (1) Resource Classification, (2) Access Protocols, (3) Benefit-Sharing, and (4) Regulatory Mechanism. Country-level sources, screening decisions, and coding rules are documented in the Supplementary materials. Results: Ninety-three countries had confirmed frameworks covering pathogen-related genetic resources, while three cases remained legally unclear. Restricted access and formal requirements for prior authorization, benefit-sharing, and compliance were common among confirmed frameworks. DSI was less settled. National approaches ranged from explicit inclusion or exclusion to silence, and the pattern differed markedly across regions. Contractual requirements and legal sanctions also varied. Conclusion: The national PABS landscape is fragmented rather than convergent. A future WHO PABS System will have to operate across different domestic approaches to authorization, documentation, sequence information, and benefit-sharing. More predictable interfaces between national systems may therefore be more workable than uniform national legislation.
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