ArticleFrontiers in medicine2026
From hematuria warning to precision immunotherapy: an AI-assisted cross-platform analysis of bladder cancer information on social media.
Article in Frontiers in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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9 authors.
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Abstract
Objective: Bladder cancer often presents with hematuria, while modern management increasingly depends on pathology-based risk stratification, immunotherapy, and biomarker-informed treatment. This study evaluated whether social media videos adequately connect early hematuria warning with precision bladder cancer care. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional, AI-assisted structured extraction and urologist consensus-scored content analysis of publicly available videos from Bilibili, Douyin, and YouTube. Videos were searched on May 17, 2026, using "" for the hematuria module and "" for the bladder cancer module, with relevance ranking. For each module, one predefined keyword was used for video retrieval to maintain a consistent and reproducible search strategy across platforms. DISCERN, GQS, PEMAT, general content completeness, the Bladder Cancer Warning Score (BCWS), and the Bladder Cancer Precision Immunotherapy Score (BC-PIS) were assessed. After rubric calibration, the three reviewer-level BC-PIS scores were averaged per video for the primary quantitative analysis, and videos with a mean BC-PIS ≥11 were classified as adequate. Results: In the hematuria module, 368 of 400 videos were included. BCWS differed significantly across platforms, with mean scores of 6.59 ± 1.57 for Bilibili, 7.34 ± 1.09 for Douyin, and 7.99 ± 1.65 for YouTube ( Conclusion: Social media videos incompletely connect hematuria warning with pathology-based precision immunotherapy in bladder cancer. Greater professional involvement and platform-level quality control are needed to improve online bladder cancer education.
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