Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42760324›Full record

ArticleNature neuroscience2026

Two parallel neural ectoderm progenitors contribute to the developing brain.

Rayyan T Jokhai, Carolyn E Dundes, Hadia S Ahsan, Rachel S Kang, Rachel E A Salomon-Shulman, Arjun Rajan, Yoon Seok Kim, Liam J Stanton, Christine Xu, Stephanie Do and 14 more

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature neuroscience, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

24 authors.

Rayyan T Jokhai *Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. rtjokhai@stanford.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6635-3288
Carolyn E Dundes *Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1856-5646
Hadia S AhsanDepartment of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0002-1805-0535
Rachel S KangDepartment of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Rachel E A Salomon-ShulmanDepartment of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Arjun RajanDepartment of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7043-1031
Yoon Seok KimInstitute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3332-0652
Liam J StantonDepartment of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7070-7544
Christine XuDepartment of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Stephanie DoDepartment of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0009-5962-062X
Brennan D McDonaldHopkins Marine Station, Department of Biology, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0007-2321-0149
José Miguel Andrade LópezHopkins Marine Station, Department of Biology, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6551-2432
Hugo A UrrutiaDivision of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2970-6918
Hannah GreenfeldDepartment of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, Center for Reproductive Sciences, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Alicia WongDepartment of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Yimiao QuDepartment of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Andrew S PetkovicDepartment of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Yi MiaoDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Department of Structural Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0738-6041
K Christopher GarciaDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Department of Structural Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9273-0278
Michelle MonjeInstitute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3547-237X
Daniel E WagnerDepartment of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, Center for Reproductive Sciences, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2983-635X
Marianne E BronnerDivision of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4274-1862
Christopher J LoweHopkins Marine Station, Department of Biology, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7789-8643
Kyle M LohDepartment of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. kyleloh@stanford.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8042-0149

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

When and how different brain regions diversify from one another remains unresolved. Does a common neural ectoderm progenitor generate the entire brain? Or do multiple neural ectoderm progenitors exist, each restricted to form specific brain regions? Here our lineage tracing studies of mouse embryos support the latter model. Two parallel brain progenitors emerge simultaneously during gastrulation: anterior neural ectoderm (forebrain/midbrain progenitor) and posterior neural ectoderm (hindbrain progenitor). Differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into anterior or posterior neural ectoderm-like cells revealed these were lineage committed to forebrain/midbrain versus hindbrain fates, respectively. They harbored diverging chromatin landscapes foreshadowing future forebrain/midbrain versus hindbrain identities. We further differentiated human pluripotent stem cells into hindbrain rhombomere 5/6-specific motor neurons, which were hitherto difficult to generate in vitro. Hence, we postulate the brain is a composite organ emanating from two lineage-restricted progenitors; these dual progenitors may be evolutionarily conserved across 550 million years from hemichordates to mammals.

Identifiers

PMID42760324

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.