ArticleCell reports2026
Theta synchronization coordinates ventral temporal and medial temporal coding of human face familiarity.
Article in Cell reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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9 authors.
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Abstract
Recognizing familiar faces is a fundamental social function that depends on interactions between perceptual and memory systems, yet the underlying neural mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we combine single-neuron recordings, intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG), and multi-scale connectivity analyses in the human ventral temporal cortex (VTC) and medial temporal lobe (MTL) to investigate the neural dynamics underlying face familiarity. Theta-frequency phase locking of MTL neurons is associated with face familiarity and familiarization, complementing firing-rate signals. The VTC represents visual features through an axis-based code that disproportionately contributes to familiarity representations. Familiarity is further associated with enhanced theta synchronization between the VTC and MTL, particularly between VTC visual-feature-coding and MTL familiarity-coding channels. Enhanced theta-frequency spike-iEEG coherence for familiar faces suggests that MTL phase locking is coordinated with large-scale VTC activity. Together, these findings identify theta synchronization as a key mechanism coordinating the neural dynamics underlying face familiarity processing in humans.
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