ArticleCureus2026
Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip: Clinical Predictors and the Impact of a Screening Protocol.
Article in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) includes a spectrum of hip abnormalities that can cause significant functional impairment if not diagnosed early. Currently, no universal consensus exists regarding the optimal screening strategy. In March 2020, a new DDH screening protocol was implemented at a hospital in northern Portugal. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of DDH, identify associated risk factors and physical examination findings, and evaluate clinical practice changes post-protocol. Methodology We conducted a retrospective, observational, cohort study analyzing hip ultrasounds from August 2017 to August 2024 in infants up to 12 months of age. The cohort was divided into Pre-Protocol and Post-Protocol groups. Results The study included 816 infants (402 (49.3%) Pre-Protocol, 414 (50.7%) Post-Protocol), and 38 cases (4.7%) of DDH were identified. Positive Ortolani (odds ratio (OR) = 53.2) and Barlow (OR = 13.2) tests, as well as congenital foot anomalies (OR = 5.4), were significantly associated with DDH. Following protocol implementation, referrals for prematurity decreased significantly (55 (13.7%) vs. 13 (3.1%), p < 0.001), while referrals for breech presentation (142 (35.3%) vs. 182 (44.0%), p = 0.012) and hip click (55 (13.7%) vs. 87 (21.0%), p = 0.006) increased. Conclusions Protocol implementation led to optimized referrals, reducing low-yield screenings for prematurity while increasing detection efforts for breech presentation. However, referrals for hip clicks increased, suggesting a need for further education. Physical examination remains the cornerstone of screening.
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