ArticleFrontiers in audiology and otology2026
Bone-conduction hearing in elephants and humans: a middle-ear comparative study.
Article in Frontiers in audiology and otology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
The elephant's middle ear (ME) boasts ossicles approximately nine times more massive than humans', with eardrums seven times larger. These anatomical features contribute to enhanced low-frequency sensitivity to air-conducted (AC) sound, but their contribution to bone-conduction (BC) hearing is less understood. To characterize BC hearing in elephants, we employed 3D laser Doppler vibrometry to measure ossicular motion in cadaveric temporal bones from both African and Asian elephants, as well as humans in response to BC stimulation. We analyzed velocity measurements projected along the piston direction at the umbo, stapes, and cochlear promontory across a frequency range of 12-11,000 Hz. Differential velocity (V
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