Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42756591›Full record

ArticleIntegrative organismal biology (Oxford, England)2026

Paying Upfront: Successful Initial Infections Protect Against Severe Future Infections.

K M Talbott, A E Fleming-Davies, A A Pérez-Umphrey, A E Henschen, J Garrett-Larsen, F E Tillman, J N Weil, A G Arneson, S J Geary, E R Tulman and 4 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Integrative organismal biology (Oxford, England), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

K M TalbottDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1974-1899
A E Fleming-DaviesDepartment of Biology, University of San Diego, San Diego, CA 92110, USA.
A A Pérez-UmphreyDepartment of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
A E HenschenDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA.
J Garrett-LarsenDepartment of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
F E TillmanDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA.
J N WeilDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA.
A G ArnesonDepartment of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
S J GearyDepartment of Pathobiology and Veterinary Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
E R TulmanDepartment of Pathobiology and Veterinary Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
L M ChildsDepartment of Mathematics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
K E LangwigDepartment of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
D M HawleyDepartment of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
J S AdelmanDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5577-8798

Funding

Ecological and evolutionary causes and consequences of host heterogeneity induced by prior exposureR01GM144972 · NIGMS · VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INST AND ST UNIV · PI HAWLEY, DANA M · 2021 to 2024
$2.0M
NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM144972
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Understanding the consistency with which individual hosts respond to repeated pathogen exposures is crucial for accurately modeling pathogen transmission and eco-evolutionary dynamics. When vertebrate hosts face repeated pathogen exposures, immune memory typically reduces the probability and/or severity of subsequent infections, yet it remains unclear whether individual hosts remain consistent in their level of response relative to other individuals. We investigated this question in house finches (

Identifiers

PMID42756591
PMCPMC13583131

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.