SynthesisFrontiers in pharmacology2026
Vietnamese pharmacogenomic variation in global context: a systematic review and meta-analysis for clinical implementation.
Synthesis in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Population-frequency evidence is indispensable for planning pharmacogenomic services, but broad ancestry categories do not reliably capture the distribution of clinically important alleles, haplotypes, and structural variants. We undertook a systematic synthesis of pharmacogenetic variation reported in Vietnamese populations and evaluated its relevance to clinical implementation. Methods: Following a prospectively registered protocol and PRISMA 2020, we searched international and Vietnamese sources through 30 December 2025. Reports were eligible when they described Vietnamese participants and provided, or materially informed, pharmacogenetic genotype or allele-frequency evidence. Variant representations were reconciled across rsIDs, star alleles, haplotypes, copy-number changes, hybrid alleles, repeats, and HLA alleles. For variants with at least two independent rows, frequencies were synthesized with random-effects logit models; single-row estimates used Wilson confidence intervals. Orientation-validated single-rsID variants were compared with the 1,000 Genomes AFR, AMR, EAS, EUR, and SAS superpopulations with false-discovery-rate control. Results: Of 207 records, 54 full-text reports were assessed and 52 were retained in the systematic review; 46 independent reports or datasets contributed to the primary meta-analysis. The evidence comprised 108 analysis-ready variant representations across 25 pharmacogenes, including 66 single-rsID and 42 complex or non-rsID representations. Ninety-five representations were supported by one study row. Among included reports, 11 were at low, 38 at moderate, and 3 at high risk of bias; none of the 46 quantitative reports was classified as high risk. Prominent estimates were Conclusion: Vietnamese pharmacogenomic frequencies are regionally East Asian-adjacent but not interchangeable with a generic East Asian reference. Implementation should combine local frequency evidence with guideline strength, preventable clinical harm, medication use, and assay complexity, while preserving haplotype and structural-variant information. Systematic Review Registration: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/7VTNW, identifier 7VTNW.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.