ArticleFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology2026
Properties of novel PBC/κ-carrageenan hydrogels: probiotic bacterial cellulose synthesized by co-culture of
Article in Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: The development of new hydrogels with antimicrobial, biocompatible, and controlled drug-release properties remains a significant challenge for wound-healing applications. The present study primarily focused on the development of PBC/κ-carrageenan composite hydrogels using two different types of probiotic bacterial cellulose (PBC) named as PBC_LP and PBC_PP, which have not been reported previously. Methods: In this study, two distinct types of probiotic bacterial cellulose (PBC) were synthesized and designated as (PBC_LP) and (PBC_PP). The synthesis of these two distinct types of PBC was accomplished Results: Structural characterization by FTIR and XRD confirmed successful integration of BC as well as PBC with κ-Carrageenan through physical and ionic interactions. SEM analysis revealed highly porous, interconnected three-dimensional architectures, which are favourable for biomedical applications. The hydrogels exhibited high porosity, high equilibrium liquid content (>95%), and rapid swelling within 30 min. Ionic crosslinking has been demonstrated to enhance gel fraction and rheological stability, while reducing pore size, porosity, and swelling behavior. Rheological analysis demonstrated stable viscoelastic gel-like behavior and shear-thinning properties, suitable for injectable or adaptable wound-healing materials. Conclusion: The PBC/κ-Carrageenan hydrogels developed in this study exhibit a combination of advantageous structural, biological, rheological, antimicrobial, and controlled-release properties. This underscores their potential as multifunctional wound-healing and antimicrobial-delivery systems, making the hydrogel a potential candidate for tissue-engineering and wound-healing applications after
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