Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42756179›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in immunology2026

T cell exhaustion in sepsis: mechanisms, biomarkers, and immune-reversal strategies.

Dongyang Li, Yuwei Wang, Jingren Li, Huiyuan Chen, Yi Cui, Wenjun Xia, Hao Wang

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Dongyang Li *Department of Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University; Innovation Research Center for Sepsis and Multiple Organ Injury, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Yuwei Wang *Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Jingren LiDepartment of Cardiology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Huiyuan ChenDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Yi CuiDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University; Innovation Research Center for Sepsis and Multiple Organ Injury, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Wenjun XiaDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Hao WangDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University; Innovation Research Center for Sepsis and Multiple Organ Injury, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Sepsis is increasingly recognized as a dynamic immune disorder in which early hyperinflammation may coexist with or progress to profound immunosuppression. T-cell exhaustion is a central feature of this immune paralysis and is characterized by lymphopenia, impaired proliferation, reduced effector cytokine production, inhibitory receptor upregulation, metabolic dysfunction, and defective antibacterial immunity. Recent studies have expanded the mechanistic landscape of sepsis-induced T-cell exhaustion beyond the classical PD-1/PD-L1 axis. TIGIT-mediated suppression of CD4

Indexed as

SepsisT-Cell ExhaustionAnimalsBiomarkersHumansProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorBiomarkersProgrammed Cell Death 1 Receptorimmune reversalPD-1/PD-L1sepsisT-cell exhaustionTIGIT

Identifiers

PMID42756179
PMCPMC13582627

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.