ArticleFrontiers in sports and active living2026
Importance of respect for the menstrual cycle in sports training and competition: a nationwide multisport coach questionnaire.
Article in Frontiers in sports and active living, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Emerging evidence suggests that menstrual cycle phase may influence injury risk in female athletes, yet whether coaches possess the awareness and tools to act on this information remains unknown in the Swiss sporting context. Methods: A nationwide, cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted among active coaches working with female athletes across multiple sports and competitive levels in Switzerland. Data were collected electronically between October and December 2025. Outcomes included self-rated knowledge, attitudes toward cycle-based training, current implementation practices, perceived barriers, and hypothetical injury risk decision-making. Results: A total of 261 coaches completed the survey (51% female, 49% male). Self-rated general knowledge of the menstrual cycle was moderate (mean 6.4/10), while self-rated domain-specific knowledge related to performance, recovery, and injury risk was lower (mean 5.8/10). Female coaches reported significantly higher self-rated general knowledge than male coaches ( Conclusion: Swiss coaches recognize the relevance of the menstrual cycle for female athlete health and demonstrate strong willingness to adapt practices when supported by evidence. However, a substantial gap between awareness and implementation persists, driven by insufficient education and the absence of institutional guidelines. Targeted educational interventions and evidence-based injury risk data are needed to translate coach receptiveness into practice.
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