ArticleFrontiers in public health2026
Exploring the factors associated with diabetes and hypertension complications among refugees living in Egypt.
Article in Frontiers in public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Introduction: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) account for 74% of global deaths, with high global prevalence of diabetes and hypertension. Egypt hosts over 1 million refugees and asylum seekers, with systematic difficulties in the access to healthcare services. This study assessed factors associated with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) and Hypertension (HTN) complications among Syrian and Sudanese refugees in Egypt, focusing on healthcare access, sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, and health behaviors. Methods: This cross-sectional study used a self-administered questionnaire and BMI measurement among 246 refugees diagnosed with T2D and/or HTN in Cairo, Giza, and Alexandria, recruited via convenience sampling through refugee-led organizations. The survey included standardized tools assessing diet, lifestyle, tangible social support, and access to care. Descriptive statistics and ordinal regression identified factors associated with self-reported disease complications. Results: Refugees generally showed poor health and lifestyle behaviors; unaffordability was the most reported barrier to healthcare access and medication adherence. After adjustment for sociodemographic and access-to-care variables, prolonged displacement (AOR = 1.16; 95% CI: 1.02-1.32; Conclusion: NCD complications among Syrian and Sudanese refugees in Egypt reflect a complex interplay of structural and behavioral determinants, including duration of displacement, access to care, tangible social support, medication adherence, and carbohydrate intake. These findings highlight the need for interventions addressing both clinical care and upstream social determinants of health in refugee-hosting settings.
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