Comparative effects of corticosteroid injection combined with mobilization vs. mobilization alone on pain, function, and radiological outcomes in university volleyball players with subacromial impingement syndrome: a prospective randomized controlled trial.

Background: Subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS) is a common cause of shoulder pain and functional limitation in overhead athletes, particularly volleyball players. Although corticosteroid injections provide short-term pain relief and mobilization improves shoulder mechanics, evidence comparing their combined effect with mobilization alone in young athletic populations remains limited, particularly with respect to radiological outcomes. Objective: To compare the effects of corticosteroid injection combined with mobilization versus mobilization alone on pain, shoulder function, range of motion, and radiological outcomes in university volleyball players with SIS. Methods: This prospective randomized controlled trial included 60 male university volleyball players (18-25 years) with clinically diagnosed SIS. Participants were randomly allocated to receive either a single subacromial corticosteroid injection followed by a standardized mobilization program ( Results: Both groups demonstrated significant improvements over time; however, the combined intervention group showed significantly greater and earlier improvements in pain, function, and shoulder mobility ( Conclusion: Corticosteroid injection combined with mobilization provides superior and clinically meaningful improvements in pain, function, shoulder mobility, and radiological outcomes compared with mobilization alone in university volleyball players with SIS. This multimodal approach appears effective for managing SIS in high-demand overhead athletes. The imaging findings should be regarded as exploratory and supportive of improved subacromial mechanics rather than as evidence of definitive structural recovery. Clinical Trial Registration: identifier CTRI/2020/06/025692.