Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42755370›Full record

ArticleFuture medicinal chemistry2026

Design, synthesis, and computational assessment of

Shoaib Khan, Tayyiaba Iqbal, Bibi Nazia Murtaza, Jamoliddin Razzokov, Sirajul Haq, Eman Alzahrani, Aftab Ahmad Khan, Sobhi M Gomha, Magdi E A Zaki, Faez Falah Alshehri and 1 more

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Article in Future medicinal chemistry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Shoaib KhanDepartment of Chemistry, Abbottabad University of Science and Technology, Abbottabad, Pakistan.
Tayyiaba IqbalDepartment of Chemistry, Abbottabad University of Science and Technology, Abbottabad, Pakistan.
Bibi Nazia MurtazaDepartment of Zoology, Abbottabad University of Science and Technology, Abbottabad, Pakistan.
Jamoliddin RazzokovInstitute of Fundamental and Applied Research, National Research University TIIAME, Tashkent, Uzbekistan.
Sirajul HaqInstitute of Fundamental and Applied Research, National Research University TIIAME, Tashkent, Uzbekistan.
Eman AlzahraniResearch Center of Basic Sciences, Engineering and High Altitude, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.
Aftab Ahmad KhanCollege of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China.
Sobhi M GomhaDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah, Madinah, Saudi Arabia.
Magdi E A ZakiDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Faez Falah AlshehriDepartment of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Ad Dawadimi, Saudi Arabia.
Hamdy KashtohDepartment of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia, mainly due to postprandial glucose elevation. Inhibition of carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes such as α-glucosidase and α-amylase is an effective strategy for its management. This study aimed to design, synthesize, characterize, and evaluate a series of bis-oxadiazole derivatives as potential anti-diabetic agents.

methodsThe target compounds were synthesized via multistep organic synthesis and structurally confirmed using spectroscopic techniques including FTIR, NMR, and HRMS. The in-vitro anti-diabetic potential was assessed through α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition assays. In addition, molecular docking studies were performed to investigate binding interactions and conformational stability within the active sites of both enzymes. Absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) profiling was also carried out to evaluate drug-likeness and pharmacokinetic properties.

resultsAmong the synthesized derivatives, compound 10 exhibited the most potent activity, showing IC

conclusionThe combined experimental and computational results demonstrate significant structure-activity relationships within the bis-oxadiazole scaffold, identifying compound 10 as a promising lead candidate for further optimization as a dual enzyme inhibitor for diabetes management.

Indexed as

alpha-Amylasesalpha-GlucosidasesDensity Functional TheoryDrug DesignGlycoside Hydrolase InhibitorsHypoglycemic AgentsOxadiazolesHumansLigandsMolecular Docking SimulationMolecular StructureStructure-Activity Relationshipalpha-Amylasesalpha-GlucosidasesGlycoside Hydrolase InhibitorsHypoglycemic AgentsLigandsOxadiazolesBis-oxadiazole derivativesin-silico ADMET profilingmolecular dockingstructure–activity relationshipα-amylaseα-glucosidase

Identifiers

PMID42755370
PMCPMC13641577

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.