ArticleThe Journal of school health2026
State Laws Supporting Adapted Physical Education Access and Quality for Students With Disabilities.
Article in The Journal of school health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundChildren with disabilities are advised to meet the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans and be as active as possible. A key opportunity for physical activity (PA) is physical education (PE).
methodsState laws (50 states and DC) as of December 31, 2023, were compiled from commercial legal databases and double-coded as part of the National Cancer Institute's CLASS database. Laws were coded for any adapted physical education (APE) provision, APE teacher certification and qualification, and PE exemptions.
resultsWhile 49 states addressed the availability of APE, 16 states' laws did not indicate who is eligible. A total of 13 states' laws addressed APE curriculum standards, and 30 addressed APE teacher certification. In total, 15 states addressed who teaches APE at the elementary level and 14 at the middle/high school levels. PE exemptions for disability varied by grade. IMPLICATIONS FOR SCHOOL HEALTH POLICY AND PRACTICE: State laws represent an opportunity to better address APE, including who is qualified to teach APE and what standards could be used to guide such instruction when it falls to general PE educators.
conclusionsGreater attention to how state laws address the inclusion of students with disabilities is necessary, as PA is a key component of a healthy lifestyle for all children.
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