Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42752904›Full record

ReviewOccupational medicine (Oxford, England)2026

Reflective practice to reduce moral injury in healthcare workers.

S Tazrin, T Niyarepola, S A M Stevelink, R Bhundia, D Lamb, N Greenberg, B Croak

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Occupational medicine (Oxford, England), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

S TazrinDepartment of Psychology, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK.
T NiyarepolaDepartment of Psychology, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK.
S A M StevelinkKing's Centre for Military Health Research, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-7655-7986
R BhundiaKing's Centre for Military Health Research, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK.
D LambPrimary Care and Population Health, UCL, London, WC1E 7HB, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-1526-9793
N GreenbergKing's Centre for Military Health Research, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-4550-2971
B CroakKing's Centre for Military Health Research, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-6486-8154

Funding

Economic and Social Research Council ES/V009931/1King's College LondonKing's College London, National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Emergency Preparedness and Response at King's College LondonManolo Blahnik FoundationMedical Research Council MR/V034405/1National Institute for Health and Care Research ARC North ThamesNational Institute for Health and Care Research or the Department of Health and Social CareNational Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research UnitNational Institute for Health Research Maudsley Biomedical Research CentreNHS England and NHSRosetrees M952Rosetrees Trust M952Rosetrees Trust PGL22/100103UCL/Wellcome ISSF3/H17RCO/C3
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMoral injury (MI) can arise when individuals experience events that violate their moral beliefs. During the COVID-19 pandemic, MI gained attention among healthcare workers (HCWs). Reflective practice (RP) may help prevent or mitigate MI but remains underexplored. This narrative review examines existing literature on RP interventions addressing MI in HCWs.

aimsTo synthesize existing literature on RP interventions to prevent or mitigate MI in HCWs.

methodsA semi-structured literature search was conducted in July 2024 and updated in August 2025 across four databases. Twelve studies evaluating RP interventions, including three studies identifying barriers to RP, were included. Across the 12 studies, the sample size was n = 793, involving nurses and other HCWs.

resultsMost studies implemented structured workshops combining RP with psychoeducation and group discussion. Of the studies, 11 studies lacked control groups, three used pre-/post-test designs, while others relied on self-reported helpfulness. These studies provided preliminary evidence for the feasibility and perceived value of RP in addressing MI. The only study with a control group was limited by a small sample size, and the results were non-significant. Reported barriers to implementing RP included individual-level factors (e.g. lack of experience) and institutional obstacles (e.g. limited managerial support).

conclusionsFindings suggest RP holds promise as an intervention for MI in HCWs. However, the evidence base is limited by small samples and weak study designs. Further research using robust methodologies, including randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and longitudinal studies, is needed to evaluate RP across diverse HCW roles, including administrative staff.

Indexed as

Cognitive ReflectionCOVID-19Health PersonnelMoralsHumansSARS-CoV-2

Identifiers

PMID42752904
PMCPMC13673504

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.