Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42752653›Full record

ArticlePediatric cardiology2026

Six Minute Walk Test and Clinical Outcomes in Pediatric Heart Transplant Candidates.

Marcella B Richtmann, Ana Luiza R Turquetto, Luciana P Amato, Estela Azeka, Adailson W D S Siqueira, Fabio A R Goncalves, Luiz F Canêo, Marcelo B Jatene

Abstract read
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Article in Pediatric cardiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Marcella B RichtmannHeart Institute, University of São Paulo Medical School, Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44 Subsolo 1, InCo, São Paulo, SP, 05403-900, Brazil. marcella.richtmann@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0001-3937-4064
Ana Luiza R TurquettoHeart Institute, University of São Paulo Medical School, Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44 Subsolo 1, InCo, São Paulo, SP, 05403-900, Brazil.
Luciana P AmatoHeart Institute, University of São Paulo Medical School, Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44 Subsolo 1, InCo, São Paulo, SP, 05403-900, Brazil.
Estela AzekaHeart Institute, University of São Paulo Medical School, Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44 Subsolo 1, InCo, São Paulo, SP, 05403-900, Brazil.
Adailson W D S SiqueiraHeart Institute, University of São Paulo Medical School, Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44 Subsolo 1, InCo, São Paulo, SP, 05403-900, Brazil.
Fabio A R GoncalvesHeart Institute, University of São Paulo Medical School, Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44 Subsolo 1, InCo, São Paulo, SP, 05403-900, Brazil.
Luiz F CanêoHeart Institute, University of São Paulo Medical School, Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44 Subsolo 1, InCo, São Paulo, SP, 05403-900, Brazil.
Marcelo B JateneHeart Institute, University of São Paulo Medical School, Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44 Subsolo 1, InCo, São Paulo, SP, 05403-900, Brazil.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Heart transplantation is the main therapeutic option for children and adolescents with cardiomyopathies (CM) and congenital heart disease (CHD) who progress to advanced heart failure. However, longitudinal data on functional capacity in pediatric transplant candidates remain limited. This study aimed to assess exercise tolerance using the six-minute walk test (6MWT) according to diagnosis and clinical outcomes. This prospective longitudinal single-center study included 40 patients aged 8-17 years awaiting heart transplantation. Exercise capacity was assessed using the 6MWT. Longitudinal analyses were performed in 28 patients who completed both initial and final assessments. Clinical outcomes included transplantation, death, or remaining on the transplant waiting list. Overall, 6MWT distance decreased over follow-up (p = 0.031). When stratified by diagnosis, a decline was found only in the CHD group (p = 0.034), whereas values remained stable in CM. Patients with CHD demonstrated lower 6MWT distance compared with CM (p = 0.005), in addition to exercise-induced desaturation, higher Borg scores, higher resting heart rate (HR), and lower heart rate variation (ΔHR) from rest to peak exercise. Patients who died while on the transplant waiting list showed marked reductions in 6MWT performance. Increases in Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) values were observed before clinical outcomes. Functional capacity declined during follow-up in pediatric patients awaiting heart transplantation, particularly among those with CHD. Reduced oxygen saturation, greater perceived exertion, and impaired HR responses during the 6MWT may contribute to lower functional performance. Longitudinal reductions in 6MWT performance may reflect clinical deterioration in pediatric transplant candidates.

Indexed as

CardiomyopathyCongenital heart diseasePediatric heart failurePediatric heart transplantationSix-minute walk testTransplant waiting list

Identifiers

PMID42752653

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.