ArticleAnnals of medicine2026
Biochemical characteristics associated with spironolactone use in hospitalized patients with hypotonic hyponatraemia.
Article in Annals of medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundSpironolactone has been associated with hypotonic hyponatraemia. However, its accompanying biochemical pattern - especially with concomitant loop diuretics - remains underdescribed. We characterized biochemical and epidemiological profiles of hospitalized patients with established hypotonic hyponatraemia according to spironolactone exposure.
methodsSingle-centre retrospective cohort of non-thiazide patients admitted with hypotonic hyponatraemia. Biochemical parameters were compared between spironolactone users (
resultsAfter eGFR adjustment, spironolactone users showed higher s-K (
conclusionsSpironolactone was independently associated with higher s-K and with higher s-urea levels. This pattern was not reflected by reduced urinary potassium excretion. Importantly, no clear evidence that concomitant furosemide materially modified this biochemical pattern was observed in the present analyses. Awareness of this pattern may support the phenotypic characterization of hyponatraemic patients receiving spironolactone. However, prospective studies are warranted to evaluate the diagnostic utility of this biochemical pattern in hyponatraemic patients receiving spironolactone.
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