Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42749930›Full record

ArticleEuropean radiology2026

Prognostic value of baseline PSMA PET/CT for survival in synchronous metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer: towards redefining low- and high-volume disease.

Fleur Kleiburg, Linda Heijmen, Annemieke Witteveen, Kiki van Duuren, Paul Zuidgeest, Frits Smit, Lioe-Fee de Geus-Oei, Tom van der Hulle

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Article in European radiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

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8 authors.

Fleur KleiburgBiomedical Photonic Imaging Group, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands. F.Kleiburg@lumc.nl.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4757-8777
Linda HeijmenDepartment of Radiology, Section of Nuclear Medicine, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Annemieke WitteveenBiomedical Signals and Systems Group, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.
Kiki van DuurenDepartment of Radiology, Section of Nuclear Medicine, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Paul ZuidgeestDepartment of Radiology, Section of Nuclear Medicine, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Frits SmitDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Alrijne Hospital, Leiderdorp, The Netherlands.
Lioe-Fee de Geus-OeiBiomedical Photonic Imaging Group, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.
Tom van der HulleDepartment of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTraditional metastatic burden classifications in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) rely on conventional imaging using CHAARTED criteria. As PSMA PET/CT is increasingly used for staging, revised definitions of low-volume (LVD) and high-volume disease (HVD) are needed to guide treatment decisions. MATERIALS AND

methodsThis study included 204 patients with synchronous mHSPC staged with PSMA PET/CT between 2017 and 2023. As part of standard clinical practice, patients were prospectively classified as LVD or HVD by a multidisciplinary team (MDT) consensus. Retrospective analysis collected PSMA-total tumour volume (PSMA-TV), total lesion uptake (TL-PSMA), maximum distance between voxels (DmaxVox), SUV

resultsBy MDT consensus, 75 patients (37%) had LVD and 129 patients (63%) had HVD, differing significantly in PSMA-TV (median: 60 vs. 483 mL) and OS (median: 69 vs. 41 months). PSMA-TV was a robust predictor of OS (HR = 1.39 per doubling, p < 0.001), independent of WHO-PS (HR = 1.69 per score increase, p < 0.001) and treatment. A model combining PSMA-TV and WHO-PS achieved a C-index of 0.71 (95% CI 0.66-0.77) after bootstrapping. In an exploratory post hoc analysis, the optimal threshold for PSMA-TV-based high-volume disease was PSMA-TV ≥ 150 mL or any visceral metastasis, which performed similarly to MDT-based classification (HR = 3.01 vs. HR = 2.68).

conclusionWhile MDT-based stratification of mHSPC patients was adequate, incorporating PSMA-TV can further improve risk assessment. Instead of dichotomising, we propose using a model with PSMA-TV as a continuous variable to guide treatment decisions. Multicentre validation is needed before clinical implementation. KEY POINTS: Question As PSMA PET/CT replaces conventional imaging for staging metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer, revised PSMA PET/CT-based metastatic burden classifications are needed to guide treatment decisions. Findings PSMA-total tumour volume (PSMA-TV) was a robust predictor of overall survival, and a model combining PSMA-TV with performance status achieved a C-index of 0.71 after bootstrapping. Clinical relevance Quantitative tumour burden assessment with PSMA PET/CT can improve prognostic stratification in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer, supporting more individualised treatment selection.

Indexed as

mHSPCOverall survivalPSMA PET/CTRisk stratificationTumour volume

Identifiers

PMID42749930

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