Integrated Fe(III)-driven liquid-phase microextraction-spectrophotometry for selective and high-throughput detection of ethyl maltol in complex food samples.

Junfeng Qi, Junhe Liu, Chanjuan Hu, Qingqing Wang, Yanhong Guo, Mengdie Zhang, Li Hu, Bin Lin, Wansen Li

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Article in Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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9 authors.

Junfeng QiAffiliated Central Hospital of Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, 463000, China.

Junhe LiuSchool of Biological and Food Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, 463000, China.

Chanjuan HuSchool of Biological and Food Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, 463000, China.

Qingqing WangSchool of Biological and Food Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, 463000, China.

Yanhong GuoSchool of Biological and Food Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, 463000, China.

Mengdie ZhangSchool of Biological and Food Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, 463000, China.

Li HuSchool of Biological and Food Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, 463000, China.

Bin LinKey Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Monitoring for Health Commission of Hubei Province, Huanggang Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Huanggang, 438000, China. linbin0722@126.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0006-1137-8932

Wansen LiAffiliated Central Hospital of Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, 463000, China. zcr3817202@163.com.

Funding

Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province 2025AFB453the Key Research and Development Program of Henan Province, China 231111320300the Key Scientific Research Projects of Henan Provincial Higher Education Institutions 26B430015the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou 2022A03J00108the Science and Technology Research Project in the Social Development of Zhumadian, China ZMDSKJGG2024008the Science and Technology Research Project of Henan Province, China 252102321121the Science and Technology Research Project of Henan Province, China 262102321126

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Excessive addition of ethyl maltol (EMA) to foods poses potential health risks, highlighting the need for reliable monitoring. Herein, an integrated Fe(III)-driven liquid-phase microextraction (LPME)-spectrophotometry system was developed for selective and high-throughput EMA determination. Fe(III) in the acceptor phase served dual roles: as a chemical trap achieving >90% extraction efficiency and as an in situ chromogenic probe enabling direct detection. This unique design combines membrane-mediated matrix exclusion with coordination-assisted extraction, resulting in enhanced sensitivity and improved resistance to matrix interference. Density functional theory calculations revealed that Fe(III) facilitated the forward extraction by reducing the transmembrane transfer free energy barrier while suppressing back-extraction via weakening EMA-membrane solvent interactions. Under the evaluated conditions, the system offered a broad linear range (7.8-1500 μM, R

Indexed as

Coordination-driven extractionEthyl maltolFood analysisLiquid-phase microextractionSpectrophotometry

Identifiers

PMID42749818

DOI10.1016/j.aca.2023.341572

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