Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42749690›Full record

ArticleNature communications2026

Anisotropic strong coupling between two propagating polariton modes.

Sihao Xia, Youning Gong, Zhenyang Cui, Zhiwei He, Xingyu Tang, Zhepeng Zhang, Wenliang Li, Zelong Fan, Zhenhua Sun, Huaping Wang and 8 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Sihao Xia *State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Youning Gong *State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China. youninggong@szu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8114-8095
Zhenyang CuiState Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Zhiwei HeState Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Xingyu TangState Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Zhepeng ZhangState Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Wenliang LiState Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0006-1206-103X
Zelong FanState Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
Zhenhua SunState Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
Huaping WangState Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Bin ZhengState Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9636-7311
Song HanState Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7138-4214
Honglei WuState Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8852-3951
Kostya S NovoselovInstitute for Functional Intelligent Materials, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. kostya@nus.edu.sg.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4972-5371
Yupeng ZhangState Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China. ypzhang@szu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2351-5579
Guo Ping WangState Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0607-1323
Hongsheng ChenState Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. hansomchen@zju.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5735-9781
Yingjie WuState Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. yingjie.wu@zju.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8326-4973

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 12522417National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 62275231National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 62305288National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 62375179National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 62474113Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation) LZ25F050002Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission JCYJ20240813141208011Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission RCYX20210609103709024
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Interface polaritons offer extreme electromagnetic confinement and enhanced light-matter interactions. Although polaritonic strong coupling has been extensively studied, it has largely been confined to isotropic systems with limited coupling strength and tunability. Here, we demonstrate anisotropic strong coupling between hyperbolic volume polaritons and isotropic surface polaritons in cavity-free van der Waals heterostructures. Through near-field nano-imaging and nano-spectroscopy, we directly observe anisotropic strong coupling with normalized coupling strength up to 16.4 ± 1.4, which can be well-described by the multimode Hopfield model. The coupling characteristics are further controlled by adjusting the material thickness and interlayer separation, culminating in epsilon-near-zero strong coupling. These results establish a paradigm for manipulating strong light-matter interactions at the nanoscale, with promising implications for molecular orientation sensing, on-chip optical routing, and directional nanolasing.

Identifiers

PMID42749690
PMCPMC13582904

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.