Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42749367›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2026

Association of hyperglycaemia during pregnancy with future risk of type 2 diabetes among women: a nested case-control study using a US health administrative database.

Na Zeng, Mohamed Kadry Taher, Daniel J Corsi, Daniel Krewski, Donald R Mattison, Douglas McNair, Wenshan Li, Smita Pakhale, Shi Wu Wen

Abstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Na ZengSchool of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Mohamed Kadry TaherSchool of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Daniel J CorsiSchool of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7063-3354
Daniel KrewskiSchool of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Donald R MattisonRisk Sciences International, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5623-0874
Douglas McNairBill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Wenshan LiOttawa Hospital Research Institute Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Smita PakhaleSchool of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada swwen@ohri.ca spakhale@toh.ca.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4051-962X
Shi Wu WenSchool of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada swwen@ohri.ca spakhale@toh.ca.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7227-0283

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo quantify the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among women based on the number of abnormal values on 100-gram oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).

designA 1:5 matched case-control study nested to a cohort of pregnant women was conducted. Conditional logistic regression was employed to estimate the independent association between glucose levels and future risk of T2DM.

settingThis study used a large multicentre electronic health records (EHRs) database-Cerner Real-World Data (CRWD) between 2000 and 2016, covering approximately 21.6% of US inpatient EHRs.

participantsWe identified a cohort of 130 172 pregnant women registered in the CRWD between 2000 and 2016 and were followed up until the end of 2016. A nested case-control study was conducted within this cohort, comprising 1 390 cases and 6 950 matched controls.

resultsAdjusted Odds Ratios for the risk of T2DM among women with one abnormal value and at least two abnormal values on OGTT diagnosed by the National Diabetes Data Group criteria, as compared with those women with normal OGTT values, were 5.69 (95% CI 4.34 to 7.47) and 13.20 (95% CI 10.52 to 16.57), respectively.

conclusionWomen with one abnormal value on the 100-gram OGTT had a significantly higher risk of developing T2DM compared with women with normal glucose value.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2HyperglycemiaAdultBlood GlucoseCase-Control StudiesDatabases, FactualDiabetes, GestationalElectronic Health RecordsFemaleGlucose Tolerance TestHumansLogistic ModelsOdds RatioPregnancyRisk FactorsUnited StatesBlood GlucoseDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Pregnant WomenPREVENTIVE MEDICINE

Identifiers

PMID42749367
PMCPMC13583701

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.