ArticleJMIR public health and surveillance2026
Data Completeness and Acceptability of Annual Feedback Reports and Tuberculosis Surveillance in Spain, 2018-2024: Mixed Methods Analysis.
Article in JMIR public health and surveillance, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Surveillance of tuberculosis (TB) is challenging given the typically long course of the disease and treatment as well as the often complex socioeconomic factors that are associated with it. In Spain, surveillance is decentralized across autonomous communities (CCAAs), leading to additional challenges in heterogeneity and data quality. Objective: We aimed to quantify changes in internal data completeness following introduction of annual regional surveillance quality reports and assess the acceptability and perceived usefulness among CCAAs. Methods: This mixed methods assessment consisted of 2 stages. First, we quantitatively assessed the internal completeness of 40 key TB variables for all reported cases from 2018 to 2023, comparing 2 periods: before (2018-2020) and after (2021-2023) the implementation of feedback reports. Mean completeness for each variable was calculated for each period, and the differences were compared using either the paired Results: There were 25,229 reported cases across the study period: 13,328 in period 1 (2018-2020) and 11,901 in period 2 (2021-2023). Nationally, mean completeness increased from 66% in period 1 to 76.2% in period 2 (+10.2%, Conclusions: Following the introduction of annual feedback reports, which were well accepted by all regional stakeholders, Spain saw significant improvements in TB data completeness. Sustained feedback mechanisms, streamlined reporting requirements, and improved integration between epidemiological and laboratory systems are key to strengthening TB surveillance.
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