Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42748183›Full record

ArticlePloS one2026

Predictors of work engagement among rural and remote nurses who provide hospice, palliative, and end of life care: Results from a national study.

Kelly L Penz, Erin Barker, Julie G Kosteniuk, Norma J Stewart, Steinunn Jónatansdóttir, Martha L P MacLeod

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Kelly L PenzCollege of Nursing, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8079-6031
Erin BarkerSchool of Nursing, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, British Columbia, Canada.
Julie G KosteniukCanadian Centre for Rural and Agricultural Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
Norma J StewartCollege of Nursing, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
Steinunn JónatansdóttirUniversity of Akureyri, Norðurslóð, Akureyri, Iceland.
Martha L P MacLeodSchool of Nursing, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, British Columbia, Canada.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe availability of palliative health care professionals is considered a global concern, especially within rural/remote practice settings. Nurses across all domains of practice are expected to advocate for high-quality hospice, palliative, and end of life (H/P/EOL) care. However, within many rural/remote geographical areas, formal palliative care services are non-existent, leaving generalist nurses to take on this complex responsibility.

methodsExamining results from a Pan-Canadian cross-sectional survey of rural and remote nurses (N = 3,822), this paper explores a subset (n = 295) of nurses who provided hospice, palliative and/or end of life care as part of their practice. Analyses examined job demands and job resources, predictors of work engagement, and a summary of open-ended responses.

resultsThe rural and remote nurses who worked in hospice, palliative, and/or end of life care had significantly higher satisfaction with practice demands related to their safety, lower practice resources related to staffing and time, and higher levels of work engagement compared to nurses in other areas. Multiple regression analyses demonstrated that seven variables accounted for 40% of the variance in their work engagement, including: perceived mental health, job satisfaction, interprofessional collaboration, affective organizational commitment, continuance organizational commitment, normative organizational commitment, and lower job demands related to working conditions. Open-ended data revealed that rural nurses felt privileged to provide H/P/EOL care, however, faced barriers related to blurred personal/professional boundaries when dealing with death/dying and lack of access to palliative resources.

conclusionsThis is the first Canadian national profile of rural and remote nurses who provide hospice, palliative and end of life care and highlights key areas related to their professional quality of life (e.g., work engagement, organizational commitment, job resources/demands). The results of this analysis may inform practice and policy development for health human resource planning and recruitment/retention in hospice, palliative and/or end of life care across rural and remote settings.

Indexed as

Hospice CareNursesPalliative CareRural Health ServicesTerminal CareWork EngagementAdultCanadaCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansJob SatisfactionMaleMiddle AgedSurveys and Questionnaires

Identifiers

PMID42748183
PMCPMC13580955

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.