ArticlePediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology2026
IgE-mediated food allergy and upper urinary tract disorders in children: A matched study.
Article in Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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- IgE-mediated food allergy and upper urinary tract disorders in children: A matched study.Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · 2026Article
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Abstract
backgroundFood allergy involves type 2 immune activation and epithelial-barrier dysfunction beyond the gut and airway. Whether IgE-mediated food allergy is associated with upper urinary tract disorders in children, and whether any association is anatomically specific is unknown.
methodsIn a frequency-matched cross-sectional study using Israeli health-maintenance organization records (2001-2025), 879 children (<16 years) with allergist-confirmed IgE-mediated food allergy were matched 1:4 to 3516 controls on age, sex, population sector, socioeconomic status, and body mass index. The primary outcome was a composite of upper urinary tract disorders (vesicoureteral reflux [VUR], hydronephrosis, or acute pyelonephritis); lower urinary tract and genital conditions served as negative controls. Odds ratios were estimated by logistic regression, adjusted for atopic dermatitis and asthma.
resultsThe upper-tract composite was more prevalent with food allergy (4.0% vs. 1.1%; OR 3.9, 95% CI 2.4-6.2). VUR (OR 12.1), hydronephrosis (OR 2.6), and acute pyelonephritis (OR 9.4) were each increased; lower urinary tract (OR 1.2) and genital conditions were not. Urology visit rates were similar between groups. After adjustment for atopic dermatitis and asthma, VUR (adjusted OR 9.2, 95% CI 4.5-16.5) and the composite (aOR 2.1) remained elevated, whereas hydronephrosis and pyelonephritis attenuated. Early-life antibiotic exposure was only modestly higher (aOR 1.2).
conclusionIgE-mediated food allergy was associated with upper, but not lower, urinary tract disorders; the VUR association was independent of atopic comorbidity. Because these anomalies are congenital, the pattern likely reflects shared susceptibility rather than causation, warranting prospective study.
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