ArticleBreast cancer research and treatment2026
Metastatic phenotype and post-metastatic survival across HER2-0, HER2-low, and HER2-positive breast cancer.
Article in Breast cancer research and treatment, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
purposeHER2-low breast cancer is treatment-relevant, but whether it is clinically distinct from HER2-0 disease remains unclear. We evaluate metastasis-free interval (MFI), first metastatic site, and survival after metastasis among HER2 classes in metastatic breast cancer.
methodsWe retrospectively examined patients with metastatic breast cancer classified as HER2-0, HER2-low, or HER2-positive. Analyses included the chi-square test of independence, Welch one-way ANOVA, Kaplan-Meier estimation, and binary and ordinal logistic and Cox regression models.
resultsAmong 1,599 patients, 647 (40.5%) had HER2-0 tumors, 672 (42%) had HER2-low tumors, and 280 (17.5%) had HER2-positive tumors. HER2-positive tumors had the shortest MFI compared with HER2-low and HER2-0 tumors (median 2.7 vs. 3.3 vs. 3.7 years, respectively; p = 0.002) and lower odds of late recurrence (≥ 5 years) compared with HER2-0 tumors (OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.22-0.68). HER2-low and HER2-0 tumors had similar metastatic timing. First metastatic site differed across HER2 groups in unadjusted analyses, although HER2 status was not independently associated with bone-only or CNS-only presentation in adjusted binary models. In adjusted Cox regression, HER2-low disease (HR 0.85, 95% CI 0.74-0.97) and HER2-positive disease (HR 0.73, 95% CI 0.60-0.88) were associated with lower hazard of death compared with HER2-0 disease.
conclusionHER2-positive disease was associated with earlier metastatic recurrence but more favorable post-metastatic survival. HER2-low disease had modestly improved post-metastatic survival but otherwise resembled HER2-0 disease in metastatic timing and adjusted metastatic presentation. These findings support HER2-low status for outcome stratification but suggest it may not independently define a distinct metastatic pattern. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.
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