ArticleEuropean archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery2026
Three-dimensional micro-computed tomography analysis of middle ear ossicles in cholesteatoma: morphological insights and clinical implications.
Article in European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectivesThis study's aims were to reconstruct three-dimensional (3D) structures of healthy middle ear ossicles and of ossicles destroyed by cholesteatoma in children and to compare the 3D micro-CT scans and histological findings with a focus on detecting epidermal invasion into the middle ear ossicles.
methodsNine middle ear ossicles affected by cholesteatoma obtained during standard surgery were analysed and compared to healthy ossicles harvested from children obtained during facial nerve decompression surgery. The structures of the ossicles were analysed using micro-CT scan and histochemical analysis with a focus on detecting epidermis.
resultsHistologically, the surface epithelium (columnar ciliated epithelium) was sporadically present on the surface of the ossicles affected by cholesteatoma (CKAE1/3 positive), but squamous epithelium was not detected (p63 negative). Micro-CT analysis shows pathological changes in the structure of the middle ear ossicles affected by cholesteatoma.
conclusionWhile 3D micro-CT scans show huge damage of the middle ear ossicles affected by cholesteatoma, no squamous epithelium was detected using histochemical analysis.
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