ArticleAJO international2026
Comorbidity Associations with Ocular Pain after Cataract Surgery: Overall and Sex-Stratified Analysis.
Article in AJO international, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Purpose: Ocular pain persisting at least three months after cataract surgery is an underrecognized complication suggested to be associated with systemic comorbidities. No prior study has systematically examined whether these comorbidity associations differ by sex. This study aimed to characterize systemic comorbidities associated with ocular pain after cataract surgery and to assess whether these associations are modified by biological sex. Design: A retrospective, propensity score-matched case-control study using de-identified health records from Epic Cosmos. Methods: Adults who underwent cataract surgery were identified via current procedural terminology codes, and cases were defined as patients with ocular pain, based on International Classification of Diseases- Tenth Revision (ICD-10) encounter diagnoses, ≥3 months postoperatively. Controls were cataract surgery patients without ocular pain ICD-10 encounter diagnoses. Comorbidities were grouped into clinically relevant categories and analyzed using 2 × 2 contingency tables with false discover rate correction. Sex-stratified analyses with formal sex-interaction tests were performed to identify effect modification. Main Outcome Measure: Odds of an associated comorbidity diagnosis in cases compared to controls. Results: Among 38,075 matched case-control pairs (66.2% female), 31 of 36 individual comorbidities were significant after FDR correction. The strongest associations were temporomandibular joint disorder (OR 1.96, 95% CI 1.80-2.13) and post-traumatic stress disorder (OR 1.70, CI 1.53-1.89). Seven of eight comorbidity categories were significant, led by centralized/nociplastic pain (OR 1.55, CI 1.50-1.60), non-inflammatory gastrointestinal (OR 1.46, CI 1.42-1.50), and psychiatric (OR 1.39, CI 1.35-1.43). Adiposity showed no association (OR 1.00, CI 0.97-1.03). All seven comorbidity categories remained significant in both sexes. Thyroid disease was the only significant sex interaction, stronger in males (OR 1.36, CI 1.26-1.46) than females (OR 1.15, CI 1.11-1.20). Conclusion: Ocular pain after cataract surgery was associated with a broad burden of systemic comorbidities, most strongly with centralized/nociplastic pain, gastrointestinal, and psychiatric conditions. This comorbidity profile was largely shared between the sexes, with thyroid disease the sole exception. These findings can be used to inform counseling practices for patients presenting to clinic for preoperative evaluation for cataract surgery. Further research on the impact of such counseling and the optimal approach is needed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.