Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42746491›Full record

ArticleNational science review2026

Chain entanglement-stabilized injectable zwitterionic hydrogel for vitreous replacement and retinal tamponade.

Haolun Wang, Hongying Wang, Liping Lang, Huijie Hao, Yuqin Cheng, Danyang Chen, Xu Tian, Boshi Liu, Xiaoli Xing, Xiaorong Li and 2 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in National science review, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Haolun WangSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Precious Metal Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
Hongying WangSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Precious Metal Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
Liping LangSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Precious Metal Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
Huijie HaoSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Precious Metal Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
Yuqin ChengSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Precious Metal Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
Danyang ChenSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Precious Metal Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
Xu TianSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Precious Metal Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
Boshi LiuTianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300384, China.
Xiaoli XingTianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300384, China.
Xiaorong LiTianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300384, China.
Wenguang LiuSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Precious Metal Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
Jianhai YangSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Precious Metal Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0598-6804

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Vitreoretinal diseases often require vitrectomy followed by intraocular tamponade to stabilize the retina. Although commonly used expansile gases and silicone oil (SO) can promote retinal reattachment, long-term vitreous replacement remains limited by postural requirements and postoperative complications, including inflammation and SO emulsification. Here, we report an injectable poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) (PMPC) zwitterionic hydrogel stabilized by topological chain entanglements as a vitreous substitute with clinical translational potential. The PMPC hydrogel is delivered via minimally invasive shear-thinning injection and demonstrates favorable long-term intraocular tolerability and biocompatibility in a rabbit vitrectomy model. We further assess its tamponade-relevant performance in a rabbit rhegmatogenous retinal detachment model by examining its ability to maintain break coverage and support sustained retinal reattachment. Importantly, this PMPC hydrogel is built from a clinically validated zwitterionic polymer with established industrial supply and regulatory precedent, which may reduce manufacturing and regulatory complexity and facilitate earlier clinical evaluation as a practical alternative to SO.

Indexed as

antifoulingchain entanglementinjectabilityvitreous substitutezwitterionic hydrogel

Identifiers

PMID42746491
PMCPMC13576433

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.