Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42746078›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in immunology2026

Folate-modified liposomal celastrol for rheumatoid arthritis: therapeutic efficacy and modulation of ROS/NF-κB/COX-2-related inflammatory signaling.

Jiquan Shen, Changjian Zhou, Xinggao Wang, Yuxuan Chen, Run Liu, Liang Hong, Weiping Ji, Bo Wang

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PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
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Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Jiquan Shen *Department of Orthopedics, Lishui Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Lishui University, Lishui People's Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China.
Changjian Zhou *Department of Orthopedics, Lishui Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Lishui University, Lishui People's Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China.
Xinggao WangDepartment of Orthopedics, Lishui Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Lishui University, Lishui People's Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China.
Yuxuan ChenDepartment of Orthopedics, Lishui Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Lishui University, Lishui People's Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China.
Run LiuDepartment of Orthopedics, Lishui Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Lishui University, Lishui People's Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China.
Liang HongDepartment of Orthopaedics, The People's Hospital of Yunhe, Lishui, Zhejiang, China.
Weiping JiDepartment of Orthopedics, Lishui Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Lishui University, Lishui People's Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China.
Bo WangDepartment of Orthopedics, Lishui Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Lishui University, Lishui People's Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by severe synovial inflammation, joint deformities, and progressive tissue destruction. Celastrol (Cel), a natural triterpenoid with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity, is a promising therapeutic candidate for RA; however, its application is limited by poor aqueous solubility, low bioavailability, and systemic toxicity. Purpose: This study aimed to develop folate-modified liposomes encapsulating Cel (FA-Cel-LPs) to improve its solubility, stability, and joint accumulation, and to evaluate their anti-inflammatory efficacy and associated molecular changes in LPS-activated RAW264.7 macrophages and collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rats. Methods: FA-Cel-LPs were prepared by thin-film hydration followed by extrusion and characterized for particle size, morphology, polydispersity index (PDI), encapsulation efficiency (EE), and Results: FA-Cel-LPs showed a mean particle size of 110.65 ± 1.24 nm, an EE of 84.67 ± 2.55%, a PDI of 0.230 ± 0.018, and a sustained release profile with pH-dependent differences Conclusion: FA-Cel-LPs improved the solubility, formulation stability, and apparent joint accumulation of Cel and enhanced its anti-inflammatory and bone-protective effects in experimental RA. These effects were associated with reduced ROS/NF-κB/COX-2-related inflammatory changes, suggesting FA-Cel-LPs may represent a promising liposomal strategy for RA.

Indexed as

Anti-Inflammatory AgentsArthritis, ExperimentalArthritis, RheumatoidCyclooxygenase 2Folic AcidNF-kappa BPentacyclic TriterpenesAnimalsLiposomesMaleMiceRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyRAW 264.7 CellsReactive Oxygen SpeciesSignal TransductionAnti-Inflammatory AgentscelastrolCyclooxygenase 2Folic AcidLiposomesNF-kappa BPentacyclic TriterpenesReactive Oxygen Speciescelastrolfolate-modified liposomesrheumatoid arthritisROS/NF-κB/COX-2-related signalingtargeted delivery

Identifiers

PMID42746078
PMCPMC13575751

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