Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42745826›Full record

ArticleTransplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation2026

The SystemCHANGE™ intervention improves immunosuppressive medication-taking habit: a secondary analysis of the MAGIC studies.

Cynthia L Russell Lippincott, Antoine Pironet, Yaprak Sarigol Ordin, Rebecca Bartlett Ellis, Buket Celik, Eda Ayten Kankaya, Mary Beth Stephens, Serkan Yildiz, Preethi Yerram, Wuraola Awopetu and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Cynthia L Russell LippincottSchool of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, United States.
Antoine PironetAARDEX Group, Seraing, Belgium.
Yaprak Sarigol OrdinDokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Türkiye.
Rebecca Bartlett EllisIndiana University School of Nursing, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States.
Buket CelikDokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Türkiye.
Eda Ayten KankayaDokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Türkiye.
Mary Beth StephensTransplant Department, University of Missouri Health Care, Columbia, MO, United States.
Serkan YildizMedicana Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye.
Preethi YerramDivision of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia and Harry S. Truman Hospital, Columbia, MO, United States.
Wuraola AwopetuUndergraduate Program, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, United States.
Mark WakefieldDivision of Urology, University of Missouri Health Care, Columbia, MO, United States.
Elizabeth HendersonUndergraduate Program, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, United States.

Funding

System CHANGE: An RCT for Medication Adherence in Kidney Transplant RecipientsR01DK093592 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI KANSAS CITY · PI HATHAWAY, DONNA K, RUSSELL, CYNTHIA LORRAINE · 2014 to 2017
$2.5M
NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK093592
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Habit impacts healthy behaviors. The SystemCHANGE™ intervention supports associating medication taking with existing habits or creating new habits to improve medication adherence. This secondary analysis of United States and Türkiye MAGIC study data examines differences in habit between SystemCHANGE™ and attention control groups, differences in habit between countries, and habit as a relationship mediator between the SystemCHANGE™ intervention and immunosuppressive medication adherence in adult kidney transplant recipients. The Medication Event Monitoring System measured medication adherence. Objective habit index was computed during screening, intervention, and maintenance. During the SystemCHANGE™ intervention, habit strength was higher than during the screening and maintenance periods in both groups (mean difference 0.042, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.004 to 0.080, p = 0.030). Habit index was lower for US participants compared to Turkish participants (mean difference -0.195, 95% CI: -0.300 to -0.089, p < 0.001). Habit was a mediator of the SystemCHANGE™ intervention on medication adherence (indirect effect was 0.094, 95% CI: 0.080 to 0.114, p < 0.001). The SystemCHANGE™ intervention exerted an impact on habit in two different populations which then had a positive impact on medication adherence.

Indexed as

HabitsImmunosuppressive AgentsKidney TransplantationMedication AdherenceAdherence InterventionsAdultFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedSecondary Data AnalysisTurkeyUnited StatesImmunosuppressive Agentsadultshabit strengthkidney transplantationmedication adherencesecondary analysis

Identifiers

PMID42745826
PMCPMC13574724

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.