ArticleFrontiers in immunology2026
Reporter immunogenicity as a defined rejection antigen: a noninvasive platform for skin transplant immunobiology.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Preclinical transplantation models largely rely on macroscopic or terminal assessments of graft fate, limiting longitudinal evaluation of immune rejection and tolerance induction. Reporter proteins such as enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) and firefly luciferase enable real-time, non-invasive imaging of transplanted tissues, but their utility in immunocompetent hosts is constrained by their immunogenicity as non-murine xenoantigens capable of eliciting robust adaptive immune responses. Methods: Full-thickness skin grafts from CAG-eGFP-luciferase donor mice were transplanted onto genetically tolerant (NoGlow Results: Reporter antigens served as defined, trackable targets of antigen-specific immune rejection in non-tolerant recipients, with progressive loss of graft signal correlating with rejection kinetics. Tolerant NoGlow Conclusions: These findings establish a fluorescent and bioluminescent reporter-based skin graft platform that provides quantitative, non-invasive, longitudinal readouts of transplant viability and immune rejection. This system offers a flexible and tractable framework for studying transplant immunobiology and accelerating preclinical evaluation of immunomodulatory and biomaterial-based strategies aimed at improving graft outcomes.
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