ArticleFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology2026
The neonatal and maternal nasal microbiomes are compositionally diverse and functionally distinct within 24 hours of birth.
Article in Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: The nasal microbiome provides a first line of defense at the respiratory mucosa, yet its composition immediately after birth and its relationship to the maternal nasal community remain poorly defined. Methods: We used 16S rRNA gene sequencing to compare anterior nares swabs collected within 24 hours of delivery from mothers (n=25) and newborns (n=34), including 22 maternal-newborn dyads. Results: The neonatal nasal microbiome was significantly more diverse than the maternal microbiome, with higher Shannon diversity, and the two communities were compositionally distinct by weighted UniFrac analysis. Maternal samples were dominated by Conclusions: Together, these findings show that the newborn nasal cavity is not a sparsely colonized niche but instead harbors a compositionally diverse and functionally versatile microbial community that is distinct from the maternal nares in both membership and predicted metabolic potential. These results identify the perinatal period as a critical window for nasal microbial colonization, with potential implications for the trajectory of infant respiratory health.
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