ArticleFrontiers in medicine2026
Short-term swallowing outcomes associated with inductive electrical stimulation combined with tongue pressure resistance feedback training in post-stroke dysphagia.
Article in Frontiers in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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3 authors.
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Abstract
Objective: To investigate the short-term swallowing outcomes associated with videofluoroscopy-guided inductive electrical stimulation combined with tongue pressure resistance feedback training in patients with post-stroke dysphagia. Methods: This non-randomized, single-center prospective study enrolled 238 patients with post-stroke dysphagia between January 2024 and December 2025. Patients were allocated according to preference to receive conventional swallowing rehabilitation or a a time-matched integrated program in which inductive electrical stimulation and tongue pressure resistance feedback training were incorporated within the same 30-minute rehabilitation session. The primary outcome was the change in Penetration-Aspiration Scale (PAS) score from baseline to post-treatment. Secondary outcomes included Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS), Swallowing Quality of Life questionnaire, Standardized Swallowing Assessment, videofluoroscopic kinematic parameters, surface electromyography parameters, maximum isometric tongue pressure, and post-treatment swallowing status improvement rate. Adjusted ANCOVA or logistic regression models were used to estimate treatment-associated differences. Results: Several baseline imbalances were observed, including stroke type, modified Rankin Scale score, baseline FOIS, baseline SWAL-QOL, and baseline tongue pressure. After adjustment for baseline values and clinically relevant covariates, the intervention group showed a greater reduction in PAS score than the control group, with an adjusted difference of -0.21 points; 95% CI, -0.37--0.05; Conclusion: Videofluoroscopy-guided inductive electrical stimulation combined with tongue pressure resistance feedback training was associated with greater short-term improvements in swallowing-related clinical, kinematic, and tongue pressure outcomes compared with conventional rehabilitation. Given the preference-based allocation and the multicomponent nature of the intervention, these findings should be interpreted as associative rather than definitive evidence of causal association.
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