In one paragraphArticle in Nature human behaviour, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
2 · The registryThe trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
3 · Its place in the literatureWho cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
4 · The recordCorrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
5 · Who and what moneyAuthors and funding
15 authors.
Raymond ToblerAustralian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Indigenous and Environmental Histories and Futures, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4603-1473 Billy GriffithsAustralian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Indigenous and Environmental Histories and Futures, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8906-5059 Matthew C NitschkeAustralian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Indigenous and Environmental Histories and Futures, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0004-7649-7081 Michael I BirdAustralian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Indigenous and Environmental Histories and Futures, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1801-8703 Shane IngreyAustralian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Indigenous and Environmental Histories and Futures, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3605-6615 Frédérik SaltréAustralian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Indigenous and Environmental Histories and Futures, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5040-3911 Kirsty BellerGujaga Foundation, La Perouse, New South Wales, Australia.
Ian J McNivenAustralian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Indigenous and Environmental Histories and Futures, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5767-2199 Nicholas PittAustralian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Indigenous and Environmental Histories and Futures, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5695-9275 Lynette RussellAustralian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Indigenous and Environmental Histories and Futures, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8978-9823 Alistair PatersonAustralian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Indigenous and Environmental Histories and Futures, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3370-7390 Christopher WilsonAustralian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Indigenous and Environmental Histories and Futures, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0218-6895 Corey J A Bradshaw *Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Indigenous and Environmental Histories and Futures, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia. corey.bradshaw@flinders.edu.au.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5328-7741 Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
6 · The paper itselfAbstract
Estimating the size of Indigenous populations in Australia before European colonial invasion is invaluable to truth-telling and reconciliation. Robust estimates of the population dynamics of pre-colonial Indigenous Australians are poor owing to lethal diseases, frontier and structural violence, and absence of systematic censuses. Here we review ethnographic observations, archaeological and genetic reconstructions, and modelled carrying capacity to infer Indigenous population size before colonial invasion. Congruency of the modelled and genetics-based (not historical or ethnographic accounts) estimates suggests a bootstrapped pre-colonial median of 2.22 million, or 0.29 people km
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